The 1X150mm² and 1X240mm² single core cables are two types of cables commonly used for medium and low voltage power transmission. Both adopt copper or aluminum conductors, paired with PVC (polyvinyl chloride), PE (polyethylene), or XLPE (cross-linked polyethylene) jackets, and are respectively suitable for power transmission needs in different scenarios. The cross-sectional specifications of 150mm² and 240mm² endow them with high current-carrying capacity, which can meet medium and large capacity power transmission scenarios such as industrial equipment, large buildings, and energy facilities. The diversified jacket materials make them have different focuses in environmental adaptability, providing flexible choices for different working conditions.​ In terms of structure, the core of both cables is high-purity conductors (copper conductor purity ≥99.95%, aluminum conductor purity ≥99.5%), made by multi-strand fine stranding process. This not only ensures excellent conductivity (copper conductor conductivity ≥58MS/m, aluminum conductor ≥37MS/m) but also improves the flexibility of the cable, facilitating laying in complex terrain or narrow spaces. After the conductor is wrapped with an insulation layer, it is covered with jackets of different materials: PVC jackets are added with flame retardants and antioxidants, with good wear resistance and flame retardancy; PE jackets have excellent chemical resistance and low-temperature resistance, and can remain flexible at -40℃; XLPE jackets form a three-dimensional network structure through cross-linking reaction, with strong heat resistance, long-term working temperature up to 90℃, and can withstand 250℃ high temperature during short circuits (within 5 seconds). All three jackets can provide mechanical protection for internal conductors and insulation layers, resisting erosion from the external environment.​ In terms of performance parameters, the rated voltage of the two cables is usually 0.6/1kV, suitable for AC 50Hz/60Hz power systems. The current-carrying capacity varies slightly depending on conductor material, cross-sectional specification, and jacket type: for 1X150mm² copper core cables laid in air, the current-carrying capacity of PVC/PE jackets is about 300-320A, and that of XLPE jackets is about 320-340A; for 1X240mm² copper core cables, they are 400-420A and 420-440A respectively. The current-carrying capacity of aluminum core cables is slightly lower, about 85% of that of copper core cables. In terms of insulation performance, the insulation resistance of XLPE insulation layer is ≥1000MΩ·km, and the dielectric loss tangent (tanδ) is ≤0.005, which is better than PVC and PE; the insulation resistance of PVC and PE insulation layers can also meet the requirements of conventional working conditions. In terms of mechanical properties, the tensile strength of PVC jacket is ≥12MPa, PE ≥14MPa, and XLPE ≥16MPa, all of which can withstand stretching, extrusion, and friction during laying, with a minimum bending radius of 10-12 times the outer diameter (for fixed laying).​ In application scenarios, cables of different specifications and jackets have their own focuses: 1X150mm² cables are suitable for medium-sized industrial equipment and distribution main lines of commercial complexes. Among them, the PVC jacket type is suitable for indoor dry environments, such as office buildings and shopping malls; the PE jacket type is suitable for underground direct burial or humid environments, such as underground garages and sewage treatment plants; the XLPE jacket type is used in high-temperature environments, such as metallurgical workshops and boiler rooms. 1X240mm² cables have larger current-carrying capacity and are mostly used in main lines of large factories, collector lines of wind farms and photovoltaic power stations. The XLPE jacket type is especially suitable for new energy facilities that need to withstand high temperatures, while the PE jacket type performs well in underground cable projects and can resist chemical erosion in the soil.​ In terms of installation and maintenance, cables can be laid by bridge, pipe, or direct burial. During installation, appropriate laying methods should be selected according to the jacket material: PVC jackets should avoid direct sunlight, PE jackets should be careful to avoid contact with sharp objects, and XLPE jackets can adapt to a wider range of environments. Terminal connections require connectors matching the cross-section, and copper-aluminum transition connectors should be properly anti-corrosive treated. After laying, insulation resistance testing and voltage withstand testing (applying 2.5 times the rated voltage for 5 minutes without breakdown) must be carried out. In daily maintenance, it is necessary to regularly check whether the jacket has damage or aging signs. PVC jackets need to be protected from ultraviolet rays, while PE and XLPE jackets need to be protected from mechanical damage to ensure the long-term stable operation of the cable.​ In summary, the 1X150mm² and 1X240mm² single core cables (PVC, PE, XLPE jackets) can meet the medium and large capacity power transmission needs of different scenarios with their reasonable cross-sectional design and diversified jacket choices. They play an important role in industrial, commercial, energy, and other fields, providing reliable guarantee for the stable operation of power systems.